Maintaining Confidentiality
-  One time pad (OTP)
-  length of key equal to message length
-  c = m XOR k
-  c XOR k = m
-  perfect secrecy
-  severe key distribution problems
 
-  Shared secret key
-  c = E(m,k). 
-  D(c,k) = m
-  requires key distribution
-  vulnerable to exhaustive key search
 
-  Private / public key
-  Key generator creates Ek, Dk
-  c = E(m, Ek)
-  D(c, Dk) = m
-  Computationally expensive